The JUVO Pressure Reaction Vessel System

Overview

A system primarily intended for organic synthesis under moderate overpressures.

For pharmaceutical / medical applications the vessels can be manufactured to comply with the GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) requirements.

They are the building blocks for complete pilot plants.

The system has three components:

• REACTION VESSELS

• STIRRERHEADS and STIRRERS

• RECIRCULATING THERMOSTATS

A typical small laboratory system.

Click on image for enlarged view

Reaction Vessels

Four Ranges of Vessels

• Vessels for Pressure and Vacuum
  • Standard range
  • Extended Pressure range
  • High Pressure range - further details
• Vessels for Vacuum only

Capacities

Standard and Vacuum ranges - 1 liter to 100 liters
Extended Pressure - 1 liter to 50 liters
High Pressure range - 0.25 to 5 liters

Pressure Rating

Standard range - 25 Bar (1 liter) to 4 Bar (50 liter)
Extended Pressure range - 50 Bar for all sizes (1 - 50 liter)
High Pressure range - 150 Bar (0.25 liter) to 100 Bar (1 liter and above)

The accessories listed in the catalog are rated for 50 Bar. However, the magnetically coupled stirrerheads are rated at 75 Bar, but may be used at pressures up to 100 Bar in certain circumstances.

The High Pressure range of vessels are supplied with a stirrerhead, a drain & sampling valve and ports with pressure ratings matching that of the vessel.

Maximum Working Temperature 350°C

Heating jackets

Vessels in all four ranges can be supplied with or without heating jackets. The heating jackets have M18 x 15 unions for connecting the JUVO recirculating thermostat. Jackets are rated to 6 Bar pressure, and may be used with steam heating.

Materials of Construction

The standard construction material is stainless steel to DIN Werkstoff 1.4571. This is equivalent to AISI 316 TI. For special applications, the parts of the vessels that come into contact with the reaction mass can be fabricated from Hastelloy® C.

Special Pattern Vessels

Special pattern vessels for feeders, filtration etc. with their associated valving and pipework can be supplied. Details are given in the catalog.

Connections to External Apparatus

The vessels can be supplied with standard DIN flanges for connections to pipework. Special connections, such as sanitary connections, for use in the pharmaceutical / medical field can also be supplied. Construction to GMP standards is available on request.

View of 1 liter Pressure Vessel

The detailed accompanying picture shows a 1 litre pressure vessel, together with other system components.

Stirrerheads and Stirrers

Stirrerhead Types

• Stirrerheads with 'O' ring seals
  • Rotation speed - up to 600 rpm
  • Pressure - vacuum up to 25 Bar
• Stirrerheads with mechanical seals
  • Rotation speed - up to 4 000 rpm
  • Pressure - vacuum to 50 Bar
• Magnetically coupled stirrerheads
  • Rotation speed - up to 4 000 rpm
  • Pressure - vacuum to 75 Bar (100 Bar under certain circumstances)
  • Torque capacity - 4.2 Nm and 16 Nm (depending on model)
• see also laboratory equipment page for details of small magnetically coupled stirrerheads for use in glass flasks.

Details are given in the catalog.

Stirrers and Agitators

Stirrers are manufactured from 1.4571 (AISI 316 TI) stainless steel or Hastelloy® C. Details of the various types available, such as propeller, turbine or helical, are described in the catalog.

Stirrers for Glass Vessels

Stirrers can be supplied that fit Quickfit parallel wall vessels and standard round flasks. Their greater strength over glass stirrers eliminates breakages when stirring viscous contents. The corresponding stirrerheads have standard 29/32 cones that fit into the centre conical socket of flat flange glass lids. Details are given in the catalog.

Stirrer Drive Motors and Gearboxes

Drive motors have either a 250 or 750 Watt rating. They are fitted with a ball and cone variators giving a 9:1 speed adjustment range. They are supplied with a stand and adjustable bearers. The various gearbox options are described in the catalog.

• Rev range: up to 3500 rpm (Depending on gear ratio)
• Torque range: The motor and gearbox can produce torques up to 30 Nm @ 38 rpm max

Explosion proof motors are available.

Tachometers and torque sensing attachments are available. Details are given in the catalog.

View of 'O' ring sealed Stirrerhead and Stirrer Drive Motor

The detailed accompanying picture shows a liquid film stirrerhead on the lid of a 1 liter vessel, coupled to a stirrer drive motor, together with other system components.

Recirculating Thermostats

General Specification

Power Ratings: 2 kW, 4 kW, 9 kW

Maximum temperature: 350°C

Pump capacity: 16 liters/min ( 2 & 4 kW ); 60 liters/min ( 9kW); maximum head 8 meters

Glass Vessels

While the thermostat is intended for use with JUVO reaction vessels, special glass-metal connectors enable the thermostat to be attached to glass apparatus. Details are given in the catalog.

Cooling

If required, the circulating heat transfer oil can be cooled by passing it through a tube and shell heat exchanger. When cooling is necessary, a special high temperature valve diverts the heat transfer oil through the heat exchanger. The switching is controlled by a programmable controller. Details of heat exchangers, valves, flexible insulated stainless steel hoses and other accessories are given in the catalog.

Refrigeration

While the thermostat itself has no refrigeration capability, an external refrigeration unit can be connected to the system to provide cooling to -25°C ( -40°C and lower under certain circumstances). The coolant from the external refrigerator is passed through the tube and shell heat exchanger mentioned in the previous paragraph. The usual high temperature heat transfer oil (Marlotherm - S) is replaced by a silicone oil.

Programmable Controllers

Two models are offered: one for the 2 and 4 kW thermostats, the other is for the 9 kW thermostat.

The programmable controllers provide:

• Power supplies to thermostat and all valves
• Digital display of set and actual temperatures
• Storage for 10 temperature programs, each of 10 steps
• Comprehensive fault diagnosis
• Data logging
• Switchable points of control

Either the oil temperature or the temperature of the vessel contents can be selected as the point of control. Using the latter enables exothermic reactions to be controlled more exactly.

Further information on the programmable controllers is given in the catalog.

Non-Programmable Controllers

For isothermal applications non-programmable controllers for the 2 and 4 kW thermostats are available.

View of Recirculating Thermostat, Programmable Controller, Heat Exchanger and Piping

The detailed accompanying picture shows a recirculating thermostat, a programmable temperature controller, heat exchanger, pipework, together with other system components.